Lis chaque section en anglais. Le resume en francais ("En bref") est juste un filet de securite : essaie de comprendre en anglais d'abord.
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Many people need IT (Information Technology) skills. Not only computer repair technicians need them. Help desk workers, network installers, and even medical equipment technicians use these skills too, because many machines today have a computer inside them.
If you want to work with computers, networks, or technical support, this knowledge is the first step.
False. Help desk workers, network installers, and other technicians also need IT skills.
A service that helps users when they have a problem or a question.
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A good technician needs more than technical knowledge. Three important qualities are: active listening, a good attitude, and logic.
Active listening means you really listen to the user. You look at the person, you nod, and you ask questions to understand the problem better. You do not interrupt.
There are two kinds of questions: closed-ended and open-ended. A closed-ended question can be answered with one short word, like 'yes' or 'no'. Example: "Do you have the conversations option enabled?" An open-ended question lets the user explain more. Example: "What email issues are you having?" Good technicians prefer open-ended questions, because they let the user describe the real problem instead of guessing the cause too early.
A good attitude means you stay calm and polite, even when the user is frustrated, and you treat every problem as important. Logic means you think step by step to find the cause of a problem, instead of jumping to the first idea that comes to mind.
Any two of: active listening, a good attitude, logic.
Open-ended - it lets the user explain, instead of answering yes/no.
Example: "What have you already tried to fix the computer?"
📄 Voir cette section dans le PDF (page 36)
CompTIA A+ is a certification. A certification is an official document that proves you have specific skills. Many companies ask for the A+ certification before they hire an IT technician.
The A+ certification requires two exams: Core 1 (220-1201) and Core 2 (220-1202). Core 1 covers hardware, mobile devices, networking, and virtualization/cloud basics. Core 2 covers operating systems, security, software troubleshooting, and operational procedures.
Each exam is 90 minutes long and has a maximum of 90 questions, including multiple-choice and performance-based questions (where you must actually do a task, like drag-and-drop).
Two: Core 1 (220-1201) and Core 2 (220-1202).
Core 2.
📄 Voir cette section dans le PDF (page 36)
To succeed in this course, you need a few basic skills: being comfortable with a keyboard, searching for information online, and documenting (capturing/saving) what you find.
Good internet search tips: if a search engine does not give good results, try a different one (Google, Bing, DuckDuckGo...). Use specific, descriptive words, and avoid too many common words like 'the' or 'for'. Put quotation marks around an exact phrase, like "Windows 11", to search for those exact words together. Adding the manufacturer's name to a technical search (for example, "Microsoft Windows 10") often gives better results than a generic search.
For documentation, you often need to take a screenshot (an image of what is on the screen). On Windows, you can use the Snipping Tool or Snip & Sketch, or press the Windows key + Shift + S. You also often need to create a simple text file (.txt), which contains only plain text. On Windows, the Notepad application is used to create and open text files.
Any of: try another search engine, use quotation marks for an exact phrase, add the manufacturer's name, use specific words.
Notepad.
Snip & Sketch (or the Snipping Tool).
📄 Voir cette section dans le PDF (page 39)
There are many types of computers. A desktop or tower computer stays on a desk and needs a separate monitor, keyboard, and mouse. A laptop is portable and has everything built in.
A tablet is a small, flat, portable computer, usually controlled by touch. A smartphone is a phone with computer functions. An all-in-one computer combines the screen and the computer parts into a single unit.
A desktop/tower needs separate parts (monitor, keyboard, mouse); a laptop has everything built in and is portable.
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Inside a computer, several key parts work together. The motherboard is the main circuit board and has the most electronics; every other part connects to it. In a tower computer, the motherboard is mounted on the side of the case. In a desktop or laptop, it is usually on the bottom.
RAM (Random Access Memory) plugs into the motherboard and stores data temporarily while the computer is running; it is volatile, which means its content disappears when the power is off.
A computer needs storage devices to keep data permanently, even when it is off. The hard drive (inside the case, sealed, no external opening) holds the most data. The optical drive (also called a DVD drive) is a device with a tray that opens to accept a CD, DVD, or Blu-ray disc.
An adapter (also called a card or controller card) is an electronic card that plugs into an expansion slot on the motherboard, to add a feature the motherboard does not already have (like better video or sound). Before installing an adapter, always power off and unplug the computer, and use an antistatic wrist strap.
The power supply unit (PSU) is the metal box, usually in a back corner of the case; it converts the wall's AC electricity into the DC electricity the computer's parts use.
Devices are also grouped as input devices (send information into the computer, like a mouse or keyboard) or output devices (send information out of the computer to the user, like a display, printer, or speakers).
RAM stores data temporarily and loses it when the computer turns off. A hard drive keeps data permanently.
An expansion slot on the motherboard.
An output device (it sends information from the computer out onto paper).
Mounted on the side of the case.
📄 Voir cette section dans le PDF (page 45)
The mouse and the keyboard are the two most common input devices. Most mice today are optical mice: they use a small LED (light) and a sensor to detect movement on almost any surface, instead of an old rolling ball.
The keyboard lets you type letters, numbers, and commands. Both usually connect through a USB port today, or wirelessly.
To clean an optical mouse, wipe the bottom with a damp cloth and use compressed air on the sensor. If a key on a keyboard stops working, you can remove the key cap and clean under it with compressed air. If liquid spills on a keyboard, unplug it immediately and turn it upside down.